Interventions to Improve the Quality in the Organ and Tissue Donation Process.

BACKGROUND: Map Interventions is capable of supporting the multidisciplinary team that works in organ and tissue donation to disseminate quality in this process. METHODS: A scoping review study that was conducted through the steps proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. RESULTS: Fifty-six studies made up the sample. 2018 (no. 07, 12.5%) had the highest number of publications. The country that published the most was the United States (no. 16, 28.56%). The database with the most publications was the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature - CINAHL (no. 15, 26.78%). The most used interventions, which had the most significant impact on the improvement of results and quality, were the use of indicators in all stages of the organ and tissue donation process; the use of real goals that can be achieved; frequent audits, validation of instruments to track opportunities for improvement; as well as methodologies to implement quality and education among professionals who work in this process. Such interventions reveal important changes in the organ donation process, especially in the notification of potential and effective donors, as well as providing an opportunity for safety in the stages of the organ and tissue donation process. CONCLUSION: The interventions tracked suggest the implementation of a set of actions formed by the continuous use of auditing, indicators, continuing education with the team that works in the process of organ and tissue donation, combined with the management of the results obtained through the indicators, where it is generated from these data, actions that have a direct impact on the weaknesses identified.

Patient Undergoing Liver Transplantation: Challenges and Strategies in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

BACKGROUND: We aimed to identify the challenges and strategies experienced by patients undergoing liver transplantation during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This was a descriptive study with a qualitative approach conducted in a large liver transplant hospital in southern Brazil. RESULTS: The participants included liver transplant patients between the years 2011 and 2022. Data collection was performed using a semi-structured interview. Data analysis comprised approximation of information and calculation of percentages. RESULTS: A total of 23 patients participated. Challenges identified included an increased dependence on others for daily activities, fear and stress due to the possibility of contamination, and the need for isolation from family and friends. Strategies included adaptation to the daily routine, reorganization of tasks inside and outside the home, formation of a support network, and reduced attendance to consultations and exams. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence of anguish and suffering of patients facing isolation and separation from family members was observed. Still, the study revealed the strength and determination of the patients to create strategies for preventing the SARS-CoV-2 virus and caring for themselves and their families. The study demonstrates the need for support from the health team in the face of such a scenario.

Time Elapsed Between Cells, Tissues, and Organs Donation and Transplantation and Adverse Events Detection.

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to discuss the time elapsed between cell, tissue, and organ donation and transplantation and detection of adverse events notified in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. Data were provided by the Transplant Center of the state of São Paulo from the "Individual notification form of adverse reactions in Biovigilance" between 2016 and 2019. Analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Fifty-two notifications were analyzed, and 3 categories were formed: (1) adverse events detected on the same day of the transplant, 8; (2) adverse events detected between 1 week and 1.5 years after transplant, 40; and (3) adverse events detected 2 years after transplant, 4. CONCLUSION: The discussion on the topic is beginning; however, it is important. Clinical management of transplant recipients and comprehending what is considered an adverse event and the natural course of a patient's life can impact clinical decision-making, public policies, and patient safety research. This study highlights the need to investigate related factors to adverse events, especially the time between the transplant procedure and adverse event detection, to establish clinical guidelines.

Experience of patients undergoing liver transplantation during the covid-19 pandemic / Experiencia del patients sometido a trasplante hepático durante la pandemia de covid-19 / Vivência do paciente submetido ao transplante hepático durante a pandemia da covid-19

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the experience of patients undergoing liver transplantation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: exploratory and qualitative research, developed in a reference hospital in liver transplantation, in the city of Florianópolis, Brazil. Participants were liver transplant patients between the years 2011 and 2021. Data collection conducted through a semi-structured script and data analysis performed according to content analysis. Results: from the participation of 23 patients, two categories of analysis emerged: "Perceptions about social isolation", with results related to coping and feelings related to social isolation; and "Actions and information: patients, support network and health services", revealing the meanings of strategies and changes developed in life activities of daily living as well as challenges faced with information and health services during the pandemic period. Conclusion: the study was able to understand liver transplant patients' experience in the face of the challenges they face during the pandemic. It allowed to visualize coping strategies, feelings and meanings based on recipients' perspective. As a contribution, it presents possibilities for achieving improvements in services and attention to weaknesses in health services, providing opportunities for reflections to improve this care and considering the specificities and complexities of the postoperative period of liver transplantation.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender la experiencia de los pacientes sometidos a trasplante hepático en la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: investigación exploratoria, con abordaje cualitativo, desarrollada en un hospital de referencia para trasplante hepático, en la ciudad de Florianópolis, Brasil. Los participantes fueron pacientes trasplantados de hígado entre los años 2011 y 2021. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de un guión semiestructurado y el análisis de datos se realizó de acuerdo con el análisis de contenido. Resultados: de la participación de 23 pacientes surgieron dos categorías de análisis: "Percepciones sobre el aislamiento social", con resultados relacionados al afrontamiento y sentimientos relacionados al aislamiento social; y "Acciones e información: paciente, red de apoyo y servicios de salud", revelando los significados de las estrategias y cambios desarrollados en las actividades de la vida diaria, así como los desafíos enfrentados con la información y los servicios de salud durante el período de la pandemia. Conclusión: el estudio logró comprender la experiencia de los pacientes trasplantados de hígado frente a los desafíos que enfrentan durante la pandemia. Permitido visualizar estrategias de afrontamiento, sentimientos y significados basados ​​en la propia perspectiva del receptor. Como aporte, presenta posibilidades para lograr mejoras en los servicios y atención a las debilidades de los servicios de salud, brindando espacios de reflexión para mejorar esa atención, considerando las especificidades y complejidades del postoperatorio del trasplante hepático.

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender a vivência do paciente submetido ao transplante hepático na pandemia da COVID-19. Método: pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa desenvolvida em hospital de referência em transplante hepático, na cidade de Florianópolis, Brasil; os participantes foram pacientes transplantados hepáticos entre os anos de 2011 e 2021. Coleta de dados conduzida por meio de roteiro semiestruturado e análise dos dados realizada conforme análise de conteúdo. Resultados: da participação dos 23 pacientes, duas categorias de análise emergiram: "percepções acerca do isolamento social" com resultados relacionados aos enfrentamentos e sentimentos referentes ao isolamento social e "e "ações e informações: paciente, rede de apoio e serviços de saúde" desvelando os significados das estratégias e mudanças desenvolvidas nas atividades de vida diária bem como os desafios em face das informações e dos serviços de saúde durante o período da pandemia. Conclusão: o estudo foi capaz de compreender a vivência dos pacientes transplantados hepáticos ante os desafios enfrentados por eles durante a pandemia. Permitiu visualizar estratégias de enfrentamento, sentimentos e significados com base na perspectiva do próprio receptor. Como contribuição, apresenta possibilidades de alcance de melhorias nos serviços e de atenção às fragilidades dos serviços de saúde, oportunizando reflexões para a melhoria desse cuidado, considerando as especificidades e complexidades do pós-operatório do transplante hepático.

Perfil de profissionais e organização do trabalho em centrais de transplantes / Perfil de los profesionales y organización del trabajo en los centros de trasplante / Profile of professionals and organization of work in transplant centers

Objetivo: identificar o perfil de profissionais e a organização do trabalho nas centrais nacional e estaduais de transplante. Método: pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva, realizada com 34 profissionais das centrais de transplantes. Realizou-se coleta de dados entre junho e setembro de 2020, por meio de questionário eletrônico. Os dados foram analisados pela estatística descritiva. Resultados: as equipes de transplantes são compostas principalmente por enfermeiros (73,5%), com tempo de formação entre 11 e 20 anos (41,2%) e atuação nas centrais entre cinco e 10 anos (44,1%). As atividades de gestão foram as mais citadas, seguida pelas de educação, e por fim atividades assistenciais. Conclusão: a partir deste estudo foi possível evidenciar quem são os profissionais atuantes nas Centrais de Transplantes. O enfermeiro destaca-se como integrante das equipes das centrais. A atuação do enfermeiro no processo de doação de órgãos é de extrema importância, visto que é o gestor do cuidado.(AU)

Objective: to identify the profile of professionals and the organization of work at national and state transplant centers. Method: quantitative, descriptive research carried out with 34 professionals from transplant centers. Data were collected between June and September 2020, through an electronic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: the transplant teams are mainly composed of nurses (73.5%), with training time between 11 and 20 years (41.2%) and working in the centers between five and 10 years (44.1%). Management activities were the most cited, followed by education, and finally assistance activities. Conclusion: from this study it was possible to show who are the professionals working in the Transplant Centers. The nurse stands out as a member of the teams at the centers. The role of nurses in the organ donation process is extremely important, as they are the care managers.(AU)

bjetivo: identificar el perfil de los profesionales y la organización del trabajo en los centros de trasplante nacionales y estatales. Método: investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva, realizada con profesionales de centros de trasplante. La recolección de datos se realizó entre junio y septiembre de 2020, a través de un cuestionario electrónico. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando estadística descriptiva. Resultados: los equipos de trasplante están compuestos mayoritariamente por enfermeras (73,5%), con tiempo de formación entre 11 y 20 años (41,2%) y trabajando en los centros entre cinco y 10 años (44,1%). Las actividades de gestión fueron las más citadas, seguidas de las de educación y finalmente las de asistencia. Conclusión: fue posible evidenciar quiénes son los profesionales que actúan en los Centros de Trasplante. La enfermera tiene un papel destacado como miembro del equipo al ser la gestora de cuidados en el proceso de donación de órganos.(AU)

Brain death communication with parents of children and adolescents: care strategies.

OBJECTIVES: to identify care strategies developed by professionals from critically ill patients' units in communicating BD with parents of children and adolescents. METHODS: an exploratory and descriptive research with a qualitative approach, carried out in two health institutions between October and December 2019, through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis took place through content analysis. RESULTS: twenty-one professionals participated. Three care strategies were identified: actual clinical situation in suspected brain death; sensitizing families to the real clinical situation after brain death diagnosis; and time to assimilate the death information. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the care strategies for communicating brain death to families identified in this study present the possibility of subsidizing health managers in training and support promotion for professionals in care practice. Moreover, they can be incorporated and validated in the care practice of the studied context.

Care actions in obtaining tissues and organs during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods study.

OBJECTIVE: to map health care actions in the organ and tissue donation process in Brazilian regions during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: a mixed methods study. Data collection was performed simultaneously through an online questionnaire with 72 nurses. Descriptive statistical analysis and content analysis. RESULTS: a total of 34.7% of professionals work in the state of São Paulo. The largest number of responses was from the Southeast region. Four categories emerged. The first addresses triage care actions; the second involves guidelines for SARS-CoV-2 prevention in potential donors; the third relates to the epidemiological screening of professionals; the fourth presents the scenario of donation training in pandemic times. CONCLUSION: care actions are aimed at tracking the path taken until arrival at the hospital, assessing temperature and saturation curves, in addition to screening for signs and symptoms for SARS-CoV-2 contamination among professionals.

Family Interview Evaluation for Organ Donation: Communication of Death and Information About Organ Donation.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to identify variables related to organ donation that can contribute to the development of best practices in planning and conducting family interviews by health professionals. METHODS: This descriptive and prospective study of quantitative approach was conducted at 2 southern Brazil health institutions referenced in organ donation. Data collection occurred between 2018 and 2019 by health professionals who conduct family interviews using validated instruments that assessed the stages of the interview. Analysis was performed by means of the proportions of the studied variables associated with the donation authorization categories per the χ2 test. The significance level adopted was 0.05. RESULTS: The variables that presented the highest level of significance in the correlation with the prevalence of family authorization for organ donation included the following: communication with the family about the results of each test in the brain death diagnostic protocol; identification of whether the family understood the information about the death; presence of a member of the transplantation commission who had training to communicate information about organ donation; presence of a family member who had power to authorize the donation; and the interval between the communication of death and information about organ donation. CONCLUSIONS: The study presents important gaps that can be filled by health teams and hospitals in order to improve the welcoming and respect for families, as well as the organ donation rates. It is important to understand that each family is unique when facing mourning, and to distance the communication of death from the discussion about organ donation is an act of respect and empathy.

Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Organ Donation and Transplantation in São Paulo, Brazil.

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected donation and transplantation activities in São Paulo, Brazil, as well as the patients receiving these organs. In this study, information from the database of the São Paulo Organ Allocation System was analyzed and compared 2 periods-before the pandemic and during the pandemic-to identify this effect. The COVID-19 pandemic interfered in the mortality rate and the time on the waiting list for heart, liver, pancreas, lung, and kidney transplants; the number of effective donors; and the use or disposal of available organs from deceased donors. It also reduced the transplant activity with living donors. Regarding the activity of eye tissue transplantation, the time on the waiting list increased and the number of transplant procedures decreased. The kidney transplant program was the most affected in our study. There was an increase in waiting time and mortality in the waiting list for this organ and also a decrease in kidney utilization rates.

Brain death communication with parents of children and adolescents: care strategies / Comunicación de la muerte cerebral a los padres de niños y adolescentes: estrategias de atención / Comunicação da morte encefálica junto aos pais de crianças e adolescentes: estratégias de cuidados

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify care strategies developed by professionals from critically ill patients' units in communicating BD with parents of children and adolescents. Methods: an exploratory and descriptive research with a qualitative approach, carried out in two health institutions between October and December 2019, through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis took place through content analysis. Results: twenty-one professionals participated. Three care strategies were identified: actual clinical situation in suspected brain death; sensitizing families to the real clinical situation after brain death diagnosis; and time to assimilate the death information. Final Considerations: the care strategies for communicating brain death to families identified in this study present the possibility of subsidizing health managers in training and support promotion for professionals in care practice. Moreover, they can be incorporated and validated in the care practice of the studied context.

RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar las estrategias de atención desarrolladas por profesionales de pacientes críticos en la comunicación de la muerte encefálica con los padres de niños y adolescentes. Métodos: investigación exploratoria y descriptiva con enfoque cualitativo, realizada en dos instituciones de salud entre octubre y diciembre de 2019, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. El análisis de los datos se llevó a cabo a través del análisis de contenido. Resultados: participaron 21 profesionales. Se identificaron tres estrategias de atención: situación clínica real ante la sospecha de muerte encefálica; sensibilizar a la familia sobre la situación clínica real tras el diagnóstico de muerte encefálica; y tiempo para asimilar la información de la muerte. Consideraciones Finales: las estrategias de cuidado para comunicar la muerte encefálica a las familias identificadas en este estudio presentan la posibilidad de subsidiar a los gestores de salud en la promoción de la formación y apoyo a los profesionales en la práctica del cuidado. Además, pueden ser incorporados y validados en la práctica asistencial del contexto estudiado.

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar estratégias de cuidados desenvolvidas pelos profissionais das unidades de pacientes críticos na comunicação da morte encefálica junto aos pais de crianças e adolescentes. Métodos: pesquisa exploratória e descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, realizada em duas instituições de saúde entre outubro e dezembro de 2019, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise dos dados ocorreu através da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: participaram 21 profissionais. Foram três estratégias de cuidados identificadas: real situação clínica na suspeita de morte encefálica; sensibilizando a família da real situação clínica após o diagnóstico de morte encefálica; e tempo para assimilar a informação da morte. Considerações Finais: as estratégias de cuidados para comunicação de morte encefálica às famílias identificadas neste estudo apresentam a possibilidade de subsidiar gestores de saúde na promoção de capacitações e apoio aos profissionais na prática assistencial. Além disso, podem ser incorporadas e validadas na prática assistencial do contexto estudado.

Care actions in obtaining tissues and organs during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods study / Acciones de cuidado en la obtención de tejidos y órganos durante la pandemia de COVID-19: estudio de métodos mixtos / Ações de cuidados na obtenção de tecidos e órgãos durante a pandemia de COVID-19: estudo de métodos mistos

ABSTRACT Objective: to map health care actions in the organ and tissue donation process in Brazilian regions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: a mixed methods study. Data collection was performed simultaneously through an online questionnaire with 72 nurses. Descriptive statistical analysis and content analysis. Results: a total of 34.7% of professionals work in the state of São Paulo. The largest number of responses was from the Southeast region. Four categories emerged. The first addresses triage care actions; the second involves guidelines for SARS-CoV-2 prevention in potential donors; the third relates to the epidemiological screening of professionals; the fourth presents the scenario of donation training in pandemic times. Conclusion: care actions are aimed at tracking the path taken until arrival at the hospital, assessing temperature and saturation curves, in addition to screening for signs and symptoms for SARS-CoV-2 contamination among professionals.

RESUMEN Objetivo: mapear las acciones de atención a la salud en el proceso de donación de órganos y tejidos en regiones brasileñas durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: estudio de métodos mixtos. La recolección de datos se realizó simultáneamente a través de un cuestionario en línea con 72 enfermeras. Análisis estadístico descriptivo y análisis de contenido. Resultados: 34,7% de los profesionales actúan en el estado de São Paulo. El mayor número de respuestas fue de la Región Sudeste. Se formaron cuatro categorías. La primera se refiere a las acciones de atención de clasificación; la segunda se trata de lineamientos para la prevención del SARS-CoV-2 en el potencial donante; la tercera se relaciona con el tamizaje epidemiológico de los profesionales; la cuarta presenta el escenario de la formación en donación en tiempos de pandemia. Conclusión: las acciones de cuidado tienen como objetivo rastrear el camino recorrido hasta la llegada al hospital, evaluar las curvas de temperatura y saturación, además del tamizaje de signos y síntomas de contaminación por SARS-CoV-2 entre los profesionales.

RESUMO Objetivo: mapear ações de cuidados em saúde no processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos nas regiões brasileiras durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: estudo de métodos mistos. Coleta de dados realizada de maneira simultânea através de questionário online com 72 enfermeiros. Análise por estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo. Resultados: 34,7% dos profissionais atuam no estado de São Paulo. O maior número de respostas foi da Região Sudeste. Foram formadas quatro categorias. A primeira aborda ações de cuidados para triagem; a segunda envolve orientações para prevenção do SARS-CoV-2 no potencial doador; a terceira se relaciona com a triagem epidemiológica dos profissionais; a quarta apresenta o cenário das capacitações em doação em tempos de pandemia. Conclusão: as ações de cuidados direcionam-se para rastrear o caminho percorrido até a chegada do hospital, avaliar curva de temperatura e saturação, além da triagem de sinais e sintomas para contaminação do SARS-CoV-2 entre profissionais.

Obtaining tissues and organs for transplantation and coronavirus infections: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVES: to map the care recommendations available in the literature capable of supporting health professionals' decision-making in the organ and tissue donation process before the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: is a nine-step scoping review with searches performed in three databases and an electronic library (Science Direct). RESULTS: 873 publications were retrieved, 15 selected for analysis. All were published in 2020, originating mainly on China, with predominance of original articles. The most frequent recommendations relate to testing to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection for deceased donors (52.6%) and clinical evaluation of potential donors and possible donors (31.6%). FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: it is believed that the recommendations evidenced will support health professionals in the process of donation and organ transplantations to determine interventions for decision-making during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Biovigilância no processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos durante a pandemia: desafios para o enfermeiro / Biovigilance in the process of organ and tissue donation during the pandemic: challenges for nurses / Biovigilancia en el proceso de donación de órganos y tejidos durante la pandemia: desafíos para el enfermero

Objetivo: identificar as estratégias desenvolvidas pelo enfermeiro capazes de manter a biovigilância no processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos a fim de minimizar o risco de transmissão da COVID-19 entre doadores, receptores e equipes de saúde. Método: pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, apoiada no referencial teórico sobre a biovigilância da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Realizou-se a coleta de dados por meio de formulário on-line composto por questões abertas. Participaram 52 enfermeiros atuantes nas estruturas do Sistema Nacional de Transplantes. Os dados foram analisados pela Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: identificou-se que o monitoramento e o controle no processo de doação, embasados na investigação clínica do potencial doador e na investigação familiar e comunitária, bem como a modificação da cultura de segurança na instituição, por meio da elaboração de protocolos e diretrizes para o cuidado do potencial doador, foram estratégias elaboradas pelo enfermeiro durante a pandemia com o objetivo de manter a segurança do paciente. Conclusão e implicações para a prática: as estratégias desenvolvidas pelos enfermeiros foram o monitoramento e o controle dos possíveis riscos relacionados com a contaminação do potencial doador pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2 e a modificação da cultura de segurança a partir da elaboração e implantação de protocolos, de modo a assegurar a continuidade da doação e o transplante de órgãos e tecidos, garantindo a segurança e a qualidade nesse processo

Objective: to identify the strategies developed by nurses capable of maintaining biovigilance in the process of organ and tissue donation in order to minimize the risk of transmission of COVID-19 among donors, recipients and health care teams. Method: an exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, supported by the theoretical framework on biovigilance of the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency. Data were collected using an online form composed of open questions. Fifty-two nurses who work in the structures of the National Transplant System participated. The data was analyzed by Content Analysis. Results: it was identified that the monitoring and control of the donation process, based on the clinical investigation of the potential donor and on the family and community investigation, as well as the modification of the safety culture in the institution, through the development of protocols and guidelines for the care of the potential donor, were strategies developed by nurses during the pandemic in order to maintain patient safety. Conclusion and practice implications: the strategies developed by the nurses were the monitoring and control of possible risks related to the contamination of the potential donor by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the modification of the safety culture through the development and implementation of protocols, in order to ensure the continuity of donation and transplantation of organs and tissues, ensuring safety and quality in this process

Objetivo: identificar las estrategias desarrolladas por el enfermero capaces de mantener la biovigilancia en el proceso de donación de órganos y tejidos para minimizar el riesgo de transmisión de COVID-19 entre donantes, receptores y equipos de salud. Método: investigación exploratoria con enfoque cualitativo, sustentada en el marco teórico sobre biovigilancia de la Agencia Nacional de Vigilancia Sanitaria. Los datos se recopilaron a través de un formulario en línea compuesto por preguntas abiertas. Participaron 52 enfermeros que laboran en las estructuras del Sistema Nacional de Trasplantes. Los datos se analizaron mediante análisis de contenido. Resultados: se identificó que el monitoreo y control en el proceso de donación, basado en la investigación clínica del potencial donante y en la investigación familiar y comunitaria, así como la modificación de la cultura de seguridad en la institución, mediante el desarrollo de protocolos y guías de el cuidado del donante potencial, fueron estrategias desarrolladas por el enfermero durante la pandemia con el fin de mantener la seguridad del paciente. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica: las estrategias desarrolladas por los enfermeros fueron el monitoreo y control de posibles riesgos relacionados con la contaminación del potencial donante por el virus SARS-CoV-2 y la modificación de la cultura de seguridad a partir del desarrollo e implementación de protocolos, con el fin de asegurar la continuidad de la donación y trasplante de órganos y tejidos, garantizando la seguridad y calidad en este proceso

Obtaining tissues and organs for transplantation and coronavirus infections: a scoping review / Obtención de tejidos y órganos para trasplante e infecciones por coronavirus: revisión de alcance / Obtenção de tecidos e órgãos para transplante e infecções por coronavírus: revisão de escopo

ABSTRACT Objectives: to map the care recommendations available in the literature capable of supporting health professionals' decision-making in the organ and tissue donation process before the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: is a nine-step scoping review with searches performed in three databases and an electronic library (Science Direct). Results: 873 publications were retrieved, 15 selected for analysis. All were published in 2020, originating mainly on China, with predominance of original articles. The most frequent recommendations relate to testing to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection for deceased donors (52.6%) and clinical evaluation of potential donors and possible donors (31.6%). Final considerations: it is believed that the recommendations evidenced will support health professionals in the process of donation and organ transplantations to determine interventions for decision-making during the COVID-19 pandemic.

RESUMEN Objetivo: mapear las recomendaciones de atención disponibles en la literatura capaces de apoyar la toma de decisiones de los profesionales de la salud que trabajan en el proceso de donación de órganos y tejidos ante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: es una revisión de alcance desarrollada en nueve etapas con búsquedas realizadas en tres bases de datos y una biblioteca electrónica (Science Direct). Resultados: se recuperaron 873 publicaciones, 15 seleccionadas para su análisis. Todos fueron publicados en 2020, originados principalmente en China, con predominio de artículos originales. Las recomendaciones más frecuentes están relacionadas con las pruebas para detectar la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en donantes fallecidos (52,6%) y la evaluación clínica del donante potencial y posible donante (31,6%). Consideraciones finales: se cree que las recomendaciones evidenciadas subsidiarán a los profesionales de la salud que trabajan en el proceso de donación y trasplante de órganos para determinar intervenciones para la toma de decisiones durante la pandemia de COVID-19.

RESUMO Objetivo: mapear as recomendações de cuidados disponíveis na literatura capazes de subsidiar a tomada de decisão de profissionais da saúde atuantes no processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos diante da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão de escopo desenvolvida em nove etapas com buscas realizadas em três bases de dados e uma biblioteca eletrônica (Science Direct). Resultados: foram recuperadas 873 publicações, 15 selecionadas para análise. Todas foram publicadas em 2020, tendo como origem principalmente a China, predominando artigos originais. As recomendações mais frequentes se relacionam com a realização de testes para detectar a infecção por SARS-CoV-2 para doadores falecidos (52,6%) e avaliação clínica do potencial doador e possível doador (31,6%). Considerações finais: acredita-se que as recomendações evidenciadas subsidiarão os profissionais de saúde atuantes no processo de doação e transplantes de órgãos a determinar intervenções para a tomada de decisão durante a pandemia de COVID-19.

Quality of life and spirituality of patients with chronic kidney disease: pre- and post-transplant analysis.

OBJECTIVE: to compare the quality of life (QoL) of patients under dialysis and after kidney transplant; correlate the QoL of transplant patients to sociodemographic, morbid and spirituality/religiosity variables. METHOD: prospective study with a quantitative approach, with a sample of 27 patients who underwent peritoneal dialysis or dialysis undergoing kidney transplant. QoL and spirituality were assessed by the KDQOL-SF and WHOQOL-SRPB tools, being correlated with sociodemographic and economic variables. RESULTS: the dimensions of total mental component, kidney disease effects and kidney disease burden showed significant improvement in the post-transplant period, with p <0.0004. There was a significant correlation between four dimensions of spirituality and seven dimensions of QoL; p ranged from 0.04 to 0.006. CONCLUSION: there was a significant improvement in QoL in the post-transplant period. The dimensions of spirituality: wholeness and integration, spiritual connection, wonder and inner peace were positively correlated with seven dimensions of QoL.

Coronavirus infections: recommendations for good practice in obtaining tissues and organs for the transplantation / Infecciones por coronavirus: recomendaciones para buenas prácticas en la obtención de tejidos y órganos para el trasplante / INFECÇÕES POR CORONAVÍRUS: RECOMENDAÇÕES PARA BOAS PRÁTICAS NA OBTENÇÃO DE TECIDOS E ÓRGÃOS PARA TRANSPLANTE

Objective: To analyze care recommendations available in the literature that can subsidize the decision making of health professionals in organ and tissue donation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Scoping review, developed in five steps and four databases. Results: 873 publications were found and 15 selected for analysis. All these studies were published in 2020, mainly from China and predominantly discussion articles. The main recommendations are: running of tests to detect SARS-Cov-2 infection in a deceased donor; complete clinical evaluation of past history for potential and possible donation. Final considerations: Recommendations evidenced in this study can support health professionals on the process of organ and tissue donation to decision making in more effective interventions during the pandemic and with the available resources.

Objetivo: Analisar recomendações de cuidados disponíveis na leitura capazes de subsidiar a tomada de decisão de profissionais da saúde atuantes no processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos diante da pandemia do COVID-19. Método: trata-se de uma Scoping rewiew, desenvolvida em cinco etapas, em quatro bases de dados. Resultados: Foram recuperados 873 publicações, 15 selecionadas para análise.  Todas publicadas em 2020, tendo como origem, principalmente, a China, predominando artigos de discussão. As principais recomendações relacionam-se com a realização de testes para detectar a infecção por SARS-CoV-2 para doadores falecidos; tempo de cura dos pacientes expostos ao COVID-19 para considerar a doação; realização minuciosa da avaliação clínica pregressa do potencial doador e possível doador. Considerações finais: Acredita-se que as recomendações evidenciadas subsidiarão os profissionais de saúde atuantes no processo de doação e transplantes de órgãos para determinar intervenções para a tomada de decisão mais efetiva frente aos recursos disponíveis.

Quality of life and spirituality of patients with chronic kidney disease: pre- and post-transplant analysis / Calidad de vida y espiritualidad de los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica: análisis pre y posterior al trasplant / Qualidade de vida e espiritualidade de pacientes com doença renal crônica: análise pré e pós-transplante

ABSTRACT Objective: to compare the quality of life (QoL) of patients under dialysis and after kidney transplant; correlate the QoL of transplant patients to sociodemographic, morbid and spirituality/religiosity variables. Method: prospective study with a quantitative approach, with a sample of 27 patients who underwent peritoneal dialysis or dialysis undergoing kidney transplant. QoL and spirituality were assessed by the KDQOL-SF and WHOQOL-SRPB tools, being correlated with sociodemographic and economic variables. Results: the dimensions of total mental component, kidney disease effects and kidney disease burden showed significant improvement in the post-transplant period, with p <0.0004. There was a significant correlation between four dimensions of spirituality and seven dimensions of QoL; p ranged from 0.04 to 0.006. Conclusion: there was a significant improvement in QoL in the post-transplant period. The dimensions of spirituality: wholeness and integration, spiritual connection, wonder and inner peace were positively correlated with seven dimensions of QoL.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comparar la calidad de vida (CV) de pacientes renales en diálisis y después de um trasplante de riñón; correlacionan la CV de los pacientes trasplantados con las variables sociodemográficas, mórbidas y de espiritualidad/religiosidad. Método: estudio prospectivo con enfoque cuantitativo, con una muestra de 27 pacientes sometidos a diálisis peritoneal o hemodiálises sometidos a trasplante renal. La CV y la espiritualidad fueron evaluadas por los instrumentos KDQOL-SF y WHOQOL-SRPB; ellos se correlacionaron con variables sociodemográficas y económicas. Resultados: las dimensiones totales del componente mental, los efectos de la enfermedad renal y la sobrecarga impuesta por la enfermedad renal mostraron una mejora significativa en el período posterior al trasplante, con p <0,0004. Hubo una correlación significativa entre cuatro dimensiones de espiritualidad y siete dimensiones de la CV; p varió de 0.04 a 0.006. Conclusión: hubo una mejora significativa en la CV en el período posterior al trasplante. Las dimensiones de la espiritualidad: integridad e integración, conexión espiritual, maravilla y paz interior se correlacionaron positivamente con siete dimensiones de la CV.

RESUMO Objetivo: comparar a qualidade de vida (QV) de pacientes renais em diálise e após transplante renal; correlacionar a QV dos pacientes transplantados às variáveis sociodemográficas, mórbidas e de espiritualidade/religiosidade. Método: estudo prospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa, com amostra de 27 pacientes que realizavam diálise peritoneal ou hemodiálise, submetidos ao transplante renal. A QV e a espiritualidade foram avaliadas pelos instrumentos KDQOL-SF e WHOQOL-SRPB; foram correlacionadas às variáveis sociodemográficas e econômicas. Resultados: as dimensões componente mental total, efeitos da doença renal e sobrecarga imposta pela doença renal apresentaram melhora significativa no período pós-transplante, com p<0,0004. Houve correlação significante entre quatro dimensões da espiritualidade e sete dimensões da QV; p variou de 0,04 a 0,006. Conclusão: houve melhora significativa da QV no período pós-transplante. As dimensões da espiritualidade: totalidade e integração, conexão espiritual, admiração e paz interior apresentaram correlação positiva com sete dimensões da QV.

Ocular tissue distribution in the State of São Paulo: analysis on corneal discarding reasons. / Distribuição do tecido ocular no Estado de São Paulo: análise por razões de descarte de córneas.

OBJECTIVE: to identify the reasons for refusal of corneas. METHOD: this was a cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive and correlational study composed of 5,560 optical corneas. The information was taken from the notification, organ procurement and distribution centers database as well as donor records. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis of categorical variables and specific tests with a significance level of 5% for assessing the associations between variables. This study met the ethical aspects of scientific research. RESULTS: 60% of the donors were male and 40% died by circulatory problems. The main reason for refusal as informed by transplant teams is the donor's age and the endothelial cell count. For each year added to the donor's age, there is a 1% decrease in the chance that this cornea will be used for transplantation, and the increase of 100 cells per mm2 increases the chances that this cornea will be used by 9%. CONCLUSION: the main cause of refusal in the acceptance of corneal tissue is related to the age and the endothelial cell count.

Distribuição do tecido ocular no Estado de São Paulo: análise por razões de descarte de córneas / Ocular tissue distribution in the State of São Paulo: analysis on corneal discarding reasons / Distribución del tejido ocular en el estado de Sao Paulo: análisis sobre razones de descarte corneal

Objetivo identificar os motivos da recusa de córneas. Método estudo transversal, retrospectivo, descritivo e correlacional, composto por 5.560 córneas ópticas. As informações foram extraídas do banco de dados da Central de Notificação, Captação e Doação de Órgãos (CNCDO), bem como de prontuários de doadores. A estatística descritiva foi utilizada para a análise das variáveis categóricas e testes específicos, com nível de significância de 5% para avaliar as associações entre as variáveis. Este estudo atendeu aos aspectos éticos da pesquisa científica. Resultados 60% dos doadores eram do sexo masculino e 40% morreram por problemas circulatórios. Os principais motivos de recusa informados pelas equipes de transplante são a idade do doador e a contagem de células endoteliais. Para cada ano adicionado à idade do doador, há uma redução de 1% na chance de que essa córnea seja usada para transplante, e para cada acréscimo de 100 células por mm2 aumenta as chances de que essa córnea seja usada em 9%. Conclusão a principal causa de recusa na aceitação do tecido corneano está relacionada à idade e à contagem de células endoteliais.

Objective to identify the reasons for refusal of corneas. Method this was a cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive and correlational study composed of 5,560 optical corneas. The information was taken from the notification, organ procurement and distribution centers database as well as donor records. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis of categorical variables and specific tests with a significance level of 5% for assessing the associations between variables. This study met the ethical aspects of scientific research. Results 60% of the donors were male and 40% died by circulatory problems. The main reason for refusal as informed by transplant teams is the donor's age and the endothelial cell count. For each year added to the donor's age, there is a 1% decrease in the chance that this cornea will be used for transplantation, and the increase of 100 cells per mm2 increases the chances that this cornea will be used by 9%. Conclusion the main cause of refusal in the acceptance of corneal tissue is related to the age and the endothelial cell count.

Objetivo identificar los motivos para el rechazo de córneas. Método estudio transversal, retrospectivo, descriptivo y correlacional, compuesto por 5.560 córneas ópticas. La información se obtuvo de la bases de datos de Centros de Notificación, Obtención de Órganos y Distribución, así como de los registros de los donantes. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas para analizar las variables categóricas y pruebas específicas con un nivel de significación de 5%, para evaluar las asociaciones entre variables. Este estudio contempla los aspectos éticos de una investigación científica. Resultados el 60% de los donantes eran hombres y el 40% falleció por problemas circulatorios. La principal razón del rechazo, informada por los equipos de trasplante, es la edad del donante y el recuento de las células endoteliales. Por cada año agregado a la edad del donante, existe una disminución de 1% en la probabilidad de que la córnea pueda ser utilizada para trasplante; el aumento de 100 células por mm2 aumenta la posibilidad de que esta córnea será usada por 9%. Conclusión la principal causa de rechazo en la aceptación del tejido corneal está relacionada con la edad y el recuento de células endoteliales.

Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes em lista de espera para o transplante renal / Epidemiological profile of patients on the waiting list for renal transplantation

Resumo Objetivo Identificar e descrever o perfil dos pacientes inscritos em lista única de espera para a realização do transplante renal no estado de São Paulo. Métodos Estudo epidemiológico transversal com abordagem quantitativa para identificar e descrever o perfil dos pacientes inscritos em fila única de espera para o transplante renal. Realizou-se levantamento nas bases de dados da Central de Notificação, Captação e Distribuição de Órgãos do Cadastro Técnico Único, estabelecendo-se como variáveis as características clínicas, demográficas e relativas ao desfecho de convocação no período de período de 2009 a 2015. A amostra foi composta por 12.415 pacientes que realizavam hemodiálise e paralelo ao tratamento encontravam-se inscritos para a realização do transplante renal. Para análise estatística descritiva, utilizou-se os testes Qui-Quadrado, t de Student e para significância Kaplan-Meier. Resultados Foram incluídos 12.415 pacientes, identificou-se média de idade de 50 anos, sexo masculino (59,6%), cor branca (63,1%), tipo sanguíneo O (48,9%), região metropolitana de São Paulo (73,82%), diagnóstico não especificado (34,5%), não realizaram transplante (77,2%) e sem condições clínicas de realizar o transplante (99,8%). Conclusão Conhecer o perfil dos pacientes com doença renal crônica que aguardam em lista única nos permite traçar novas estratégias de cuidados em saúde para redução principalmente das taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Nota-se carência de atendimento da demanda e altos índices de recusa.

Abstract Objective To identify and describe the profile of patients placed on a single waiting list for renal transplantation in the state of São Paulo. Methods Cross-sectional epidemiological study of quantitative approach to identify and describe the profile of patients placed on a single waiting list for renal transplantation. In the period from 2009 to 2015, a survey was conducted in the databases of the Notification, Collection and Distribution Center of Organs of the Single Technical Registry, and the following characteristics were established as variables: clinical, demographic and information related to the convocation result. The sample included 12,415 patients undergoing hemodialysis who were simultaneously registered for renal transplantation. The Chi-Square and Student's t-test were used for descriptive statistical analysis and the Kaplan-Meier estimate was used for significance. Results A total of 12,415 patients were included, mean age was 50 years, male gender (59.6%), white color (63.1%), blood type O (48.9%), metropolitan region of São Paulo (73.82%), unspecified diagnosis (34.5%), did not undergo transplantation (77.2%), and without clinical conditions to perform the transplant (99.8%). Conclusion Knowing the profile of patients with chronic kidney disease on the single waiting list allows the development of new health care strategies for reducing mainly morbidity and mortality rates. There is lack in meeting the care demands and high rates of refusal.